Thermal expansion. When the ocean expands: Chronicle of a rising tide
Palabras clave:
Guerrero, Frijol común, Prácticas culturales, Saberes locais, Seguridad alimentariaResumen
Food production in rural communities faces multiple challenges stemming from social, economic, and environmental factors, which in turn affect both food security and biodiversity conservation. The aim of this study was to identify management practices as well as the threats that endanger the cultivation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on the coast of Guerrero, Mexico. During 2022 and 2023, seed collections were carried out and interviews were conducted in local markets (n = 30) and directly with farmers (n = 19), in order to document agricultural practices associated with this crop. We identified 12 bean varieties, of which only seven are traded in local markets. Most producers are adult men, with minimal participation of women in production. Farmers exhibit a deep understanding of the varieties and their relationship with the environment, which is reflected in traditional knowledge related to sowing and harvesting periods, pest and disease identification, seed maintenance and acquisition practices, intercropping systems, and grain selection. This knowledge strengthens not only the cultural identity of local communities and food security, but also contributes to the conservation of local agrobiodiversity. However, several vulnerabilities were identified that may jeopardize the adaptive capacity of local varieties and, consequently, the resilience of bean production in the region. These include the weakening of intergenerational knowledge transmission, the shift towards monoculture systems, excessive use of agrochemicals, and the potential introduction of non-local, poorly adapted varieties. Common bean cultivation on the coast of Guerrero represents a key activity for ensuring food security and preserving local agrobiodiversity, supported by the traditional knowledge of farmers. Nonetheless, several factors threaten the sustainability of these production systems. Recognizing and strengthening local practices is essential to safeguarding both biological
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