Effect of pruning and fertilization on flowering induction in guava (Psidium guajava L.) in the municipality of Cuernavaca, Morelos
Keywords:
pruning, flowering, Psidium guajava, fertilization, guavaAbstract
The effect of cultural tasks such as pruning and fertilization on floral induction in guava (Psidium guajava L.) was evaluated. The 60-60-30 fertilizer formula was used, applied 50% at the time of pruning, 50% at the beginning of flowering and irrigated by dripping. The trial was set up under a randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement. Treatments T1 without pruning and without fertilization, T2 with pruning plus fertilization, T3 with pruning and without fertilization, T4 without pruning with fertilization, in five blocks. As response variables: shoot diameter, shoot length, number of flowers per shoot and number of fruits per shoot, were subjected to an ANOVA and LSD test (α=0.05). Treatments T2 and T3 did not show significance in the expression of the variables emitted shoot diameter, shoot length, number of leaves per shoot and number of flowers per shoot, exceeding the expression of trees subjected only to fertilization (T4) and to the trees of the control treatment (T1), without finding significant differences between the latter. Pruning and fertilization had a clear effect on the induction of foliar and floral buds, the highest flower and fruit production occurred in the pruning-only treatment (T3) with 4.8 fruits/bud/year, followed by the pruning plus fertilization treatment. (T2) with 2.1 fruits/shoot/year. The treatment only fertilization (T4) and the control treatment with 1.2 and 1.6 fruits/shoot/year. The four treatments followed the statistical trend indicated above. The branches of the trees facing east and west were the branches with the highest set of fruits. Pruning and fertilizing cultural work is an alternative that will allow the harvest to be focused on windows of market opportunity. The production is concentrated in the branches facing east and west, it will help the establishment of the guava orchards
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